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- J.l P. BLACK.

BOLT. No. 267,398. Patented Nov. 14, 1882...

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JAMES P. BLACK, OF NELSON, NEW ZEALAND.

BOLT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 267,398, dated November 14, 1882.

Application filed December 23, 1881. (No model.) Patented in New Zealand August 30,1880, No. 470 in England July 27, 1881, No. 3,292; in Victoria August 30, 1881, No. 3,067 in Tasmania September 3, 1881, No. 202-11; in New South Wales October 15.

188], No. 81-9,6-17, and in Queensland October 18, 1881, No. 374.

To all whom flt may concern:V

Be it known th atl, JAMES PALMER BLACK, of Nelson, in the Colony of New Zealand, have invented new and useful improvements in fastenin gs or apparatus for facilitating exit from places of public entertainment, churches, and other places in case of iire or otherwise, (for which I have obtained a patent in the Colony of New Zealand the 30th day of August, 1880,) of which the following is a specification.

The chief object of this invention is the einployment and construction of escape-door fastenings, whereby ready means of egress or exit from places of public entertainment-such as theaters-in case of panic is afforded.

The invention consists of top and bottom spring-bolts on door, fitting into metallic socket or sockets mortisedinto the door-frame. Each bolt is providedwith what may be called a thrust-spring77 to press and keep the bolt or bolts in the socket or sockets while the door or doors is or are shut. The opening appliances are or may be toothed or partiallyT toothed wheels, each preferably provided with teeth one-third of their circumference and geared into each other. One wheel-say the upper-is provided with a ratchet-tooth and tted with a pawl, which resists the pressure of the springs when the bolts are drawn. The plain portion of the periphery of the wheels is grooved to receive a metallic or other cord or chain, orits equivalent, connecting the bolts to their respectivewheels. Aleverandknobisconnected to one wheel, which on being depressed simultaneously and instantly through the wheels and cords withdraws the bolts from their sockets and releases the door or doors.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the manner in which the invention is carried into effect.

Figure l is a side elevation detached, and Fig'. 2 is an edge view of the apparatus orescape-door fastening applied to a door, and Fig. 3 shows in front elevation the same applied to a pair of doors.

a a are the top and bottom spring-bolts, f1ttin g into metallic sockets o in the door-frame.

c c are the springs to press the bolts into their sockets, and to keep them there while the door is shut.

d e are the two partially-toothed wheels for tial rotation of the wheels el and e, so that the tooth l engages with the ratchet-tooth l2 on the wheel, and in that position the bolts are unlocked and the springs o compressed,

thereby preventing the return of the bolts. lo effect the opening depress the lever h, which gives the wheels a partial rotation and simultaneously pulls the wires, chains, or cords, and with them the bolts a a. The doors then are free to open. To refasten them depress the leverf on pawl t' and the pawl-tooth will be raised and disengaged from the ratchet-tooth t2, and the springs act simultaneously and force the bolts into their respective sockets.

The invention is applicable to any size of door. It will sustain any inside pressure equal to the strength ofthe building and any amount of pressure on the door from inside-such as might occur in case of panic. It does not in- .terfere with the easy action of the apparatus or fastening, while the opening of the door is instantaneous, extremely simple, and not liable to get out of order.

I claim- The wheels d and c, each having teeth upon a portion of its periphery, and each having a segmental groove in its edge, in combination with the wires g g, connected at their ends to the grooved portions of the wheels al and e respectively, the spring-bolts a a, to which the wires gg are connected, the arm ll upon the wheel e, and the pawl-lever l and stop-tooth l', passing into a notch, l2, in the wheel d when the bolts are withdrawn, substantially as Specified.

JAMES P. BLACK. Witnesses:

W. R. WALKER,

H. WEEDING,

Both Clerks, Nelson. 

